纵隔性腺外生殖细胞肿瘤的手术治疗

Germ cell tumors occur predominantly from the testicles. However, 2-5% of all germ cell tumors in adult men have extargonadal localization. Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are classified as extragonadal if there is no evidence of a primary tumor in the testes or ovaries.

                               
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Extragonadal GCTs typically arise in midline locations, and specific sites vary with age. In adults, the most common sites, in order of frequency, are the anterior mediastinum, retroperitoneum, and the pineal and suprasellar regions.
Extragonadal GCTs in mediastinum are also rare. That is a frequent cause of diagnostic errors, which are of fundamental importance in the fate of the patients. Unfortunately, I saw several patients with chemoresistant tumors who received multiple courses of chemotherapy for other, more frequent mediastinal malignant pathologies, such as lymphoma, thymoma and etc.
Morphological diagnosis is also can be difficult. Often there are false-negative results.
In this clinical case the primary pathological answer false and germ cell tumor was wrongly regarded as thymoma B3. The most effective way to diagnose GCTs - AFP, hCG and LDG in blood.